Situations such as incentives by public authorities or oppression by
other undertakings regarding a violation are considered among miti-
gating circumstances. Also active cooperation is considered as another
circumstance for decreasing fines.
Repetition of competition violations, continuation of cartels after
the date of notification of an investigation are considered among aggra-
vating circumstances.
This practice of the Regulation of Fines is in line with the 2006
Guideline. Nevertheless, the Regulation of Fines did not have to
specifically mention the active cooperation. As a matter of fact, lenien-
cy is regulated under a separate regulation and such regulation already
specifies the amount of decrease of fines under certain circumstances
4
.
Active cooperation is not mentioned among mitigating circumstances
under the 2006 Guideline either. Nevertheless, the regulation on active
cooperation entered into force several months after the 2006
Guideline
5
.
Administrative Monetary Fines to be imposed on Directors
and Employees
• Directors and employees may be subject to a fine provided that
the undertaking is imposed an administrative monetary fine.
Article 8 (1) of the Regulation on Fines regulates that directors
and employees, having a determining impact on the competi-
tion infringement may be subject to a fine amounting 3% to 5%
of the administrative monetary fine imposed on an undertaking.
However, Article 16 (4) of the Competition Act foresees that
directors and employees may be subject to an administrative
monetary fine up to 5%. In other words, contrary to the
Competition Act, the Regulation on Fines introduces a mini-
COMPETITION LAW
129
4
Please see the following link to access the Regulation on Active Cooperation for the purpose of
Revealing Cartels
http://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Resources/Yonetmelikler/yonetmelik10.pdf(accessed on: 18.01.2013).
5
The EU Commission Notice governing active cooperation was published in the EU Official
Gazette dated 08.12.2006 and numbered C 298/17. Please see the following link to access the
Notice
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2006:298:0017:0022:EN:PDF (accessed on: 30.05.2012).